Vaginitis and Genital Infections

Vaginitis-And-Infections

What Is Vaginitis?

Vaginitis is an inflammation or infection of the vagina caused by an imbalance in the normal vaginal flora or by pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses.
It often results in discharge, itching, burning, or unpleasant odor, and may affect sexual health and quality of life.

At Saga Clinic in Tirana, Dr. Eser Agar performs precise diagnostic evaluations to identify the cause of infection and offers evidence-based treatment tailored to each patient.

Common Causes of Vaginitis

1. Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)

Caused by an overgrowth of Gardnerella vaginalis and anaerobic bacteria that disrupt the normal lactobacillus balance.
Symptoms: Thin, grayish discharge with fish-like odor, especially after intercourse.
Treatment: Oral or vaginal antibiotics (e.g., metronidazole, clindamycin).

2. Candidiasis (Yeast Infection)

Caused by Candida albicans or other fungal species.
Symptoms: Thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge, intense itching, redness, and swelling.
Predisposing factors: Antibiotic use, diabetes, pregnancy, tight clothing, or hormonal contraceptives.
Treatment: Antifungal creams, vaginal ovules, or oral fluconazole.

3. Trichomoniasis

A sexually transmitted infection caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.
Symptoms: Frothy yellow-green discharge, itching, burning, and unpleasant odor.
Treatment: Single-dose oral metronidazole for both partners.

4. Viral Infections

  • Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Causes genital warts and may affect the cervix (requires Pap smear and HPV testing).
  • Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV): Painful blisters or ulcers on the vulva or cervix; treated with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir).

5. Atrophic Vaginitis (Postmenopausal Vaginitis)

Occurs due to decreased estrogen levels after menopause, leading to thinning and dryness of vaginal tissue.
Symptoms: Dryness, burning, itching, painful intercourse, and recurrent infections.
Treatment: Topical estrogen creams or vaginal moisturizers.

Symptoms That Require Medical Evaluation

  • Persistent or recurrent vaginal discharge
  • Itching, burning, or irritation
  • Pain during intercourse (dyspareunia)
  • Abnormal odor
  • Postmenopausal bleeding or discomfort
  • Vulvar redness or swelling

Prompt medical evaluation ensures the correct diagnosis and prevents chronic or recurrent infection.

Diagnostic Approach at Saga Clinic

1. Gynecological Examination

Visual inspection of the vulva and vagina to detect discharge, redness, or lesions.

2. Vaginal pH and Microscopic Evaluation

A small sample is taken for wet mount microscopy and Gram staining to identify bacteria, yeast, or parasites.

3. Culture and PCR Testing

Advanced molecular testing for bacterial vaginosis, Candida species, Trichomonas, and STIs such as Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, HSV, and HPV.

4. Cervical and HPV Screening

Pap smear and HPV DNA testing are performed in chronic or recurrent cases.

Treatment Options

Treatment is determined by the underlying cause and severity.
Dr. Eser Agar ensures that both the infection and its predisposing factors are addressed to prevent recurrence.

1. Medical Therapy

  • Antibiotics or antifungals (oral or vaginal forms)
  • Antiviral therapy for herpes or HPV-related infections
  • Probiotic supplementation to restore healthy vaginal flora

2. Partner Treatment

In sexually transmitted cases (Trichomonas, HSV, HPV), partners should also be evaluated and treated to prevent reinfection.

3. Adjunctive Therapies

  • Vaginal probiotics or pH-balancing gels
  • Topical estrogen in postmenopausal atrophy
  • Lifestyle modifications: breathable underwear, avoiding douching or scented products

Prevention and Long-Term Care

  • Maintain good genital hygiene with mild, pH-balanced cleansers.
  • Avoid unnecessary antibiotics.
  • Use protection during intercourse.
  • Wear cotton underwear and avoid prolonged moisture.
  • Undergo routine gynecologic check-ups including Pap smear and HPV testing.

The Saga Clinic Approach

At Saga Clinic Tirana, Dr. Eser Agar combines clinical examination, advanced laboratory testing, and patient education to provide comprehensive management for vaginitis and genital infections.

Key principles:

  • Accurate identification of infection type
  • Tailored and effective treatment
  • Prevention of recurrence through education and follow-up
  • Compassionate and confidential care

Advantages for Patients

  • Complete diagnostic evaluation in one visit
  • Rapid and precise laboratory results
  • Individualized medical or hormonal treatment
  • Partner-based prevention approach
  • Ongoing monitoring and lifestyle counseling

Appointments and Contact

To schedule your consultation for vaginitis or genital infection evaluation, contact Saga Clinic Tirana online or via WhatsApp.
Dr. Eser Agar provides expert, discreet, and patient-centered care for all forms of vaginal and vulvar infections, ensuring comfort, recovery, and long-term genital health.

For appointment requests or medical inquiries, please contact us using the options below.

📞 Clinic Phone (Office Hours)
+355 69 836 1565
Available Monday–Saturday, 09:00–16:00.

💬 WhatsApp (Outside Office Hours)
+355 69 362 0838
Available outside office hours via WhatsApp Message only.