Menstrual Irregularities

Menstruel-Irregularities

What Are Menstrual Irregularities?

Menstrual irregularity refers to any deviation from the normal menstrual cycle pattern — including changes in cycle length, flow, or duration.
A normal menstrual cycle occurs every 21–35 days, lasting 2–7 days. When cycles are too short, too long, excessively heavy, or infrequent, it signals a potential hormonal or structural imbalance that requires medical evaluation.

At Saga Clinic in Tirana, Dr. Eser Agar specializes in identifying the root causes of menstrual disorders through a combination of hormonal testing, transvaginal ultrasound, and endometrial assessment.

Common Types of Menstrual Irregularities

  • Oligomenorrhea: Infrequent periods (cycles longer than 35 days)
  • Polymenorrhea: Frequent periods (cycles shorter than 21 days)
  • Menorrhagia: Excessively heavy or prolonged bleeding
  • Hypomenorrhea: Very light or short bleeding
  • Amenorrhea: Absence of menstruation for more than 3 months
  • Metrorrhagia: Bleeding between regular cycles

Common Causes

Menstrual disorders can result from hormonal, structural, or systemic factors. The most frequent include:

1. Hormonal Imbalance

  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
  • Thyroid dysfunction (hypo- or hyperthyroidism)
  • Elevated prolactin levels
  • Perimenopause or premature ovarian insufficiency

2. Uterine and Endometrial Disorders

  • Uterine fibroids or endometrial polyps
  • Adenomyosis
  • Endometrial hyperplasia

3. Systemic or Lifestyle Factors

  • Extreme weight loss or obesity
  • Intense physical stress or exercise
  • Eating disorders
  • Certain medications (antipsychotics, anticoagulants, contraceptives)

Diagnostic Approach at Saga Clinic

1. Medical History and Clinical Examination

Dr. Eser Agar conducts a thorough assessment of menstrual history, symptoms, medications, and fertility goals.

2. Hormonal and Laboratory Tests

Includes FSH, LH, estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, TSH, and androgens to detect hormonal dysfunction.

3. Transvaginal Ultrasound

Used to assess ovarian function, follicular development, endometrial thickness, and structural abnormalities (fibroids, cysts, or polyps).

4. Endometrial Evaluation

If indicated, pipelle biopsy or hysteroscopy is performed to rule out hyperplasia or precancerous lesions.

5. Additional Assessments

  • Insulin resistance testing (for PCOS)
  • Coagulation studies (for heavy bleeding)
  • Bone density evaluation (in cases of amenorrhea or estrogen deficiency)

Treatment Options

Treatment is tailored according to the underlying cause, patient’s age, fertility goals, and severity of symptoms.

1. Hormonal Regulation

  • Combined oral contraceptives to regulate cycles
  • Progesterone therapy for luteal phase support
  • Ovulation induction for women desiring pregnancy
  • Hormone replacement therapy for perimenopausal irregularities

2. Non-Hormonal Management

  • Iron and nutritional supplementation for anemia
  • Weight management and lifestyle modifications
  • Stress reduction and sleep regulation

3. Interventional Procedures (if indicated)

  • Hysteroscopy or curettage for polyps, fibroids, or hyperplasia
  • Surgery for fibroids (myomas), endometriosis or ovarian cysts
  • IUD placement (hormonal or copper) for long-term control of heavy bleeding

Complications if Left Untreated

  • Anemia due to chronic heavy bleeding
  • Infertility in cases of hormonal or ovulatory disorders
  • Endometrial hyperplasia or malignancy from unopposed estrogen
  • Osteopenia or osteoporosis from prolonged amenorrhea

The Saga Clinic Approach

At Saga Clinic, every patient with menstrual irregularity undergoes an individualized diagnostic plan combining:

  • High-resolution ultrasound imaging
  • Hormonal and metabolic analysis
  • Endometrial assessment when needed

Dr. Eser Agar integrates evidence-based medicine with a holistic approach that prioritizes long-term hormonal balance, reproductive health, and quality of life.

Advantages for Patients

  • Precise identification of the cause of irregular cycles
  • Gentle, non-invasive diagnostic methods
  • Personalized hormonal or non-hormonal treatment plans
  • Fertility-preserving management strategies
  • On-site ultrasound, biopsy, and follow-up in one visit

Appointments and Contact

To schedule an appointment for menstrual irregularity evaluation, contact Saga Clinic Tirana online or via WhatsApp.
Dr. Eser Agar and his expert team provide comprehensive diagnostic and treatment options to restore menstrual balance and support reproductive well-being.

For appointment requests or medical inquiries, please contact us using the options below.

📞 Clinic Phone (Office Hours)
+355 69 836 1565
Available Monday–Saturday, 09:00–16:00.

💬 WhatsApp (Outside Office Hours)
+355 69 362 0838
Available outside office hours via WhatsApp Message only.