Colposcopy

What Is a Colposcopy?

Colposcopy is a diagnostic procedure that allows the gynecologist to closely examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva using a special magnifying device called a colposcope.
The procedure helps identify abnormal areas that may not be visible during a standard gynecological exam, especially after an abnormal Pap smear or positive HPV DNA test.

Colposcopy does not treat the condition — it helps locate where the problem is, guiding whether a biopsy, LEEP, or follow-up is needed.

Why Is It Important?

Colposcopy is one of the most important steps in the early detection and prevention of cervical cancer.
It allows the physician to visualize cellular and vascular changes caused by HPV infection or precancerous lesions (CIN 1–3) before they develop into more serious conditions.

Key benefits include:

• Accurate evaluation of abnormal Pap smear or HPV test results
• Detection of precancerous or suspicious lesions
• Guidance for biopsy and treatment planning
• Safe procedure for women of all ages, including during early pregnancy

When Is Colposcopy Recommended?

• After an abnormal Pap smear (ASC-US, LSIL, HSIL, ASC-H, AGC)
• After a positive HPV DNA test, especially HPV 16 or 18
• When visible lesions or bleeding are found on the cervix
• For follow-up after treatment of CIN or LEEP procedure
• In case of persistent vaginal discharge or postcoital bleeding

How Is the Procedure Performed?

1. The patient lies in a gynecological position.
2. A speculum is gently inserted to visualize the cervix.
3. The doctor examines the area under magnification with the colposcope.
4. A dilute acetic acid (3–5%) solution is applied to highlight abnormal cells.
5. In some cases, Lugol’s iodine is used to enhance visualization.
6. If suspicious areas are seen, a biopsy is taken for microscopic analysis.

The procedure is generally painless. Some patients may feel mild pressure or cramping during biopsy sampling.

What Happens After Colposcopy?

• If no abnormality is detected, the patient returns to routine follow-up.
• If biopsy confirms CIN 1 (mild dysplasia), observation and HPV monitoring are usually sufficient.
• For CIN 2 or CIN 3, LEEP or laser excision may be recommended.
• Results are typically available within 5–7 days.

Patients are advised to avoid sexual intercourse, tampons, and vaginal medications for 2–3 days after biopsy.

Colposcopy Findings Explained

Common findings may include:

• Normal epithelium – no lesion visible
• Acetowhite epithelium – area that turns white after acetic acid (suggestive of HPV effect)
• Mosaic or punctation pattern – possible precancerous lesion (CIN 2–3)
• Atypical vessels – suspicious for high-grade changes or early cancer

Each finding guides whether observation, treatment, or further testing is necessary.

The Saga Clinic Approach

At Saga Clinic in Tirana, under the direction of Dr. Eser Agar, colposcopy is performed following European (ESGO) and WHO standards.
Using high-definition optical systems, digital recording, and sterile technique, the clinic provides accurate diagnosis and comprehensive management for cervical abnormalities.

All patients receive:

• A detailed explanation before and after the procedure
• Immediate discussion of visual findings
• Personalized management and follow-up plan

Advantages for Patients

• Non-invasive, outpatient procedure
• Performed with advanced optical systems
• Same-day results discussion
• Biopsy if needed without anesthesia
• Comprehensive follow-up by the same physician

When Combined With Other Tests

Colposcopy is often performed alongside:

• Pap smear (cytology)
• HPV DNA testing
• Biopsy or LEEP
  Combining these techniques offers a complete and precise understanding of the cervical health status.

Appointments and Contact

Appointments for colposcopy can be scheduled online or via WhatsApp.
At Saga Clinic, your examination will be conducted by Dr. Eser Agar, ensuring precise evaluation, comfort, and full confidentiality.

Saga Clinic’s Approach

At Saga Clinic, we believe that every couple deserves a precise diagnosis, clear communication, and a structured, personalized treatment plan. Using ESHRE-aligned protocols and advanced reproductive technologies, our team offers a comprehensive, patient-centered approach to infertility. We combine scientific expertise with compassionate care to support couples at every stage of their HPV journey, from initial assessment to treatment and long-term follow-up.

Contact & Appointments

For appointment requests or medical inquiries, please contact us using the options below.

📞 Clinic Phone (Office Hours)
+355 69 836 1565
Available Monday–Saturday, 09:00–16:00.

💬 WhatsApp (Outside Office Hours)
+355 69 456 4467
Available outside office hours via WhatsApp Message only.

Update date: 21.04.2026 18:18